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Metformin: A Diabetes Drug Under Scrutiny for Cancer Treatment
Pamela Goodwin, an oncologist and epidemiologist at Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto, has been inundated with inquiries from patients curious about the potential of metformin, a low-cost medication typically prescribed for diabetes, as a cancer treatment.
This inquiry is understandable. Metformin has been the subject of extensive research aimed at its efficacy against various types of cancer. Thousands of studies involving laboratory cells, animal models, and human subjects have explored this possibility. However, Goodwin cautions against its use for breast cancer treatment due to the absence of definitive clinical trials that validate its effectiveness. Her recent findings indicate that metformin may not provide the anticipated benefits in this context.
The Origins and Popularity of Metformin
The roots of metformin trace back to traditional uses of French lilac or goat’s rue (Galega officinalis), which has been utilized for centuries to alleviate symptoms akin to diabetes. In 1918, scientists identified a compound derived from this herb that effectively reduces blood sugar levels. This led to the development of metformin—a chemical derivative—which has become one of the most widely prescribed treatments for type 2 diabetes since receiving FDA approval in 1994.
One significant advantage is its affordability; patients can obtain it for under a dollar per dose. With minimal side effects reported, over 150 million individuals globally rely on metformin as part of their diabetes management regimen.
Conclusion
While interest persists regarding metformin’s potential role in oncology, current evidence does not support its use as an effective treatment option for breast cancer or other malignancies without further rigorous testing.
